Two steps to use HAPPY-12K:

• Input the corresponding values for demographic and perioperative data;
• Wait a few seconds, then see the predictions.

Defination of each predictor in HAPPY-12K:

• Body mass index (BMI): weight-to-height ratio;
• Pre-operative mean arterial pressure (MAP): mean arterial pressure;
• Short neck with large circumference: presence of short/thick neck anatomy with neck circumference > 40 cm;
• Mallampati grade: oropharyngeal visibility classification;
• Limited jaw protrusion: inability to protrude mandible beyond maxilla;
• History of snoring: self-reported habitual snoring;
• Short thyromental distance: the straight-line distance between the upper border of the thyroid cartilage and the mentum with the head fully extended. A short thyromental distance is defined as less than 6.5 cm;
• Large tongue: participants were instructed to relax the tongue so that it rested at the level of the lower teeth. If the tongue extended above the occlusal surface of the mandible under this condition, it was classified as a large tongue.

Data sources:

• The southern region of Jiangsu Province, China: The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Nanjing Medical University, and Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital.
• The northern region of Jiangsu Province, China: Subei People's Hospital and Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital.
• The Xinjiang Province, China: Xinjiang Kezhou People's Hospital.

If you use HAPPY-12K in your work, please cite:

• Nana Li#, Xiaoshuang Xu#, Maojie Xue#, Jiacheng Zhou#, Junbei Wu#, Xiang Wang#, Leyi Chen, Yuqing Yang, Jiajin Chen, Tianlin Zhou, Jigang Zhang, Yanna Si, Yanxiang Miao, Guoxiang Fan, Dong Shao, Xin Liu, Liang Sun, Chaolin Guo, Feng Chen, David C. Christiani, YunHong Lu, Hui Peng, Xiaofei Cao*, Ruyang Zhang*. HAPPY-12K: an independently validated hypoxemia risk prediction model for sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy using 12000 patients. eClinicalMedicine (Revision Submitted).

Total visits

Monthly visits

Daily visits